Basic strategy tells gamblers when they can hit, stand, double down, split pairs, or surrender to help increase their chances of winning. After 500 or so hands, you will start to notice patterns emerging, meaing you can refine your strategy even further and play multihand blackjack like a pro. Master Blackjack Card Counting Strategies and lower the House Edge on your Blackjack play. Albeit you will need to implement basic strategy alongside the 212 betting strategy to maximise your success on the blackjack tables. Winning in blackjack requires more than just pure luck. . The tricky part is when the dealer has a seven-up card. This is for 8 decks which is the standard for online casinos. Because most land-based casinos and online blackjack games use multiple decks, this guide will focus on the rules and strategy of blackjack with more than one deck. Click on the big game machine to the right to begin playing. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. If you’re wondering whether you should play regular casino blackjack or choose a tournament, the following table will help you make the best decision and plan your blackjack strategy. Parlay is a positive progression betting system often used in all forms of gambling. The blackjack chart is your strategy guide. Compared to many other casino games, such as roulette, Blackjack offers fewer betting options and plays but also a lower house edge and higher returns. Blackjack Strategy Myths. As with all things worth doing, it is best to get the basics down first, before attempting to dive right into the deep end. 15 stands against dealer 2 through 6, otherwise hit. 62% on the six-deck game listed earlier in this article assume the player is using basic strategy. Say how you would play the hand then check the strategy chart or table to be sure you got it right. Note: Blazing 7's is trademarked by Bally Gaming. Hard 17 and above will always stand. In bars, dorm rooms, and online. The Hi-Lo system is the most popular and prominent card counting system that is also easy to learn and widely practiced by blackjack players in casinos. Blackjack can be played using a number of strategies, but the most basic one, which most players start with due to its simplicity and effectiveness revolves around the player’s and the dealer’s hand. When you split that hand you double your chances of landing a hand with at least one 10-value card. Often considered the standard in modern casinos, multi-deck Blackjack (using 4 to 8 decks) delivers a diverse and thrilling experience, albeit with a slightly higher house edge. Basic strategy calls for players to hit soft 18 when the dealer shows a 9, 10 or Ace. 1. dealer’s Ace. You should also double down if you have a soft 19 and the dealer has a 6. How To Play Blackjack: Card Rules. Crafting these charts with probabilities and statistics helps players make well-informed decisions in different scenarios. The dealer must draw another card if their total is 16 points or less. Today, basic strategy for blackjack guides are based on the foursome’s groundbreaking work. 1. Perfect Pair. Therefore, we created a 6 Deck Blackjack Strategy Chart PDF and JPG to make your life easier. 5% house edge). In the original version of the 21+3 side bet, the payout for each of the winning hands was 9 to 1, resulting in a house edge of 3. Split As a rule of thumb, you’re supposed always to split aces and eights. 21 Burn Blackjack Guide: How to Play. 3 of kind, straight flush and 3 of. This video covers a full Blackjack basic strategy guide for you to play blackjack the optimal way and win at the casino. You can also find tips for playing online or at a home game. Here are 7 essential tips to help you get started: 1. 74% respectively. 5%, depending on the table rules. Free daily Sweepstakes Coins. With all other hands of 11 or less, hit. In classic 3:2 blackjack, you’ll win £15 if you bet £10. Play Free Blackjack Games. Getting a total hand value of 21 is a blackjack, and you automatically win. He edited the monthly Blackjack Insider Newsletter, and was a featured blackjack columnist for Casino Player magazine, Midwest Gaming and Travel. Many players often refer to this strategy as optimal play. 21, 2023. Others will pay you less, such as 6:5, and should be avoided. The fun begins with a generous. Tip #3 Know When to Surrender. In both cases an A stands for ace. When they wrote, blackjack was played with a single deck. H = Hit. Just download the 6 Deck Blackjack Strategy Chart PDF to your computer, or open it in your browser and. Always split. From 2 to Ace. roddy217. A rule of thumb is anything that pays. Never play on a “continuous shoe” (unless you play the side bets often). STRATEGY TIP #1. 24% and 2. Hard 13 through 16 will stand against 2-6, hit against 7-ace. The Blackjack Strategy Calculator however will make the whole process even easier. Our guide covers basic blackjack strategy rules, charts, and betting advice so you know what to do, when. Card Counting. After you hit a soft 17, what you do next depends upon the total of your hand and the dealer’s upcard. One of the largest leaps a young advantage player (AP) makes early in his career is the realization that ordinary blackjack card counting is an essentially worthless pursuit. Split a pair of 7’s only if the dealer’s card is 7 or lower. Factor in the following changes: Double 11 vs. Blackjack is the world’s most popular casino game and is one of the top choices for online casino players looking to enjoy the game from the comfort of their own homes. How to Play No Bust Blackjack. Double down on 10/11. When the dealer’s hand totals 22, all players’ hands push (except a player’s blackjack); and. You’re at an advantage when you have a two-card hand of 10 against the dealer’s upcard, which is nine or less. Before developing a blackjack strategy, one needs to understand the rules. Having good blackjack bankroll management is essential in overcoming the house edge. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. Double a soft 18 if the dealer has any card from 2 to 6. What You Need to Know Before Memorizing Blackjack Charts Here is a short list of the side bets: Insurance – insurance against “Blackjack” if the dealer has an ace with its face up. S = Stand. This blackjack strategy guide focuses on the importance of decision-making in this popular casino game. In fact, there is a very simple chart that summarizes the strategy in a very straightforward and clear way. Memorize a basic strategy. This obviously depends on the rules of the casino, however. A pair of Aces equals 12, while a pair of 8s equals 16. Knowing how much money you need for a specific table helps you continue to play through bad beats and minimize. The fully responsive simulator can be accessed from a desktop or most modern mobile devices, which effectively means – if you have an internet connection – you’ll be able to learn anywhere. 6. Choose your cards. Card counting in blackjack can be done by players using the following 3 easy steps: First, each card should be assigned a value, according to the plus-minus count. Chips come in several denominations and are color-coded. One of the most important things you can learn about as a blackjack player is how the strategy affects the game, since it can literally make the difference between being a winning player and. He is the author of the Ultimate Blackjack Strategy Guide, and Blackjack: Take The Money and Run. The strategy will give you the best return to player but the house will still have the edge (around 0. However although tempting, this is not always the smartest course of action. Conclusion. A basic strategy chart will always recommend splitting these hands because your chances of hitting blackjack (21) significantly increase. other variants of 20). Stand on a hand of 12 through 16 if the dealer's up-card is 2 through 6, otherwise hit. Table 2 (Top Right): Your hand is Soft. Soft 20 or A ♣ 9 ♥ stands; Soft 18 or A ♦ 7 ♠ against dealer's 9, 10. If the dealer’s hand is less than 17 on the open, they must hit. If you get a pair in your first two cards of a hand look at this chart to determine if you should split the pair. Blackjack basic strategy has to be altered a little to take into account the fact that dealer hitting no longer occurs on a soft 17. Blackjack Basic Strategy Author: Subject: Blackjack Basic Strategy - Keywords: Blackjack Basic Strategy, Basic Strategy for Soft Hands, Basic Strategy for Hard Hands, Basic Strategy for Splitting Pairs, Las Vegas Created Date: 12/15/2021 9:40:52 PMWith basic strategy, you can lower the blackjack house edge to around 0. It uses decks of 52 cards and descends from a global family of casino banking games known as "twenty-one". Failing that, you can always have a chart handy at the games table. The second book is a classic on tournament play, Casino Tournament Strategy by Stanford Wong. If the dealer hits a soft 17, you should double down on an 11 if the dealer is showing an ace. Brush up on. Worry not, at Lemons & Sevens we’ve. The basic strategy chart displays the recommended move for every possible combination of player hand and dealer up-card. Take a seat with Mr Blackjack and become a winning player. You’ll find them in Chapter 3 of my Ultimate Blackjack Strategy Guide. Seeing his first hole-card opens a panorama of potential income never before considered. Oscar’s System – Blackjack Betting Strategies. Basic strategy suggests never to split a pair of Fives. However, this can be challenging and time-consuming. Perfect Pairs – bet pays out if the player is dealt two of a kind. The Key to the Success of a Blackjack High Roller like the boss of the UFC, Dana White. What Is A Blackjack Strategy Chart? A blackjack strategy chart is an essential tool for anyone serious about mastering the art of blackjack. He's taught and entertained over 100,000 subscribers on his YouTube channel NeverSplit10's . Blackjack (also called 21 or Pontoon) is an incredibly simple and popular playing card game . BOGUS BLACKJACK STRATEGIES. MrQ is going full Mythbusters and debunking all of the top Blackjack Strategy Myths. No blackjack strategy guide is complete without card rules. Winning tactics in Blackjack require that the player play each hand in the optimum way, and such strategy always takes into account what the dealer's upcard is. The best way to learn basic blackjack strategy is by getting a strategy chart. Blackjack Basic Rules. dealer’s 6. Double Deck Blackjack Strategy. Use our simple blackjack strategy calculator to get an edge over the house. One of those benefits is a wide variety of blackjack games alongside the available blackjack tournaments online. ago. The point of Oscar's blackjack betting strategy is to try and win one betting unit at a time. Number cards (2-10) count as face value, Aces count as either 1 or 11, and Kings, Queens, and Jacks count as 10. Once you’ve placed your scrap in the slot, look up towards the bowtied dealing computer and press ‘E’ to ‘Play Game. When they wrote, blackjack was played with a single deck. A soft hand is any hand that contains an Ace since the Ace can be counted as either a one or an 11. You don’t have to be genius; you just have to have a plan. The 1-3-2-6 blackjack system is different. Blackjack card values: All cards count their face value in blackjack. Basic Blackjack Strategy – How To Think About Every Hand. Once wagers have been placed, each player is served two face-up cards. The tables above are based on the standard blackjack rulesets. To use the strategy, you first identify what table you should use: Table 1 (Left Hand Side): Your hand is Hard. Blackjack’s hardest strategy made simple on MrQ. Bovada — Best Blackjack App For Beginners. You’ll find that there are four different 6-deck blackjack strategy charts all in all: S17 DAS; H17 DAS; S17 NDAS. The house edge of this side bet played using four, six and eight decks is 4. It is easy to see why blackjack is still the world’s favourite casino card game. Step 5: Wait for the dealer to play his hand. Players at blackjack have the option of using a blackjack strategy card, which provides an outline of all outcomes and situations possible in the game. Refuse insurance if you have a 10. For instance, when the dealer has 10 against the player’s 15, the basic bj card recommends hitting. All you can do is follow Basic Strategy and the rest is down to luck. Introduction. Each player will then have a turn, where the player can receive one or more cards from the dealer. Play machines at the ends of rows. 38. Besides the positives, this blackjack strategy has some cons you cannot control. Hit 12-16 vs dealer 7 or more). Below you’ll find the best blackjack strategy chart for most live tables with real dealers. Evolution points out that this may not be the most optimal method to play the game. Blackjack beginners may want to play a few rounds on Practice Play mode to get a feel for the game before adopting optimal strategy to win real money at Bovada. Those sections are hard hands, soft hands, pairs, and surrendering. , for all ten dealer’s upcards. Also double down with 9 if the dealer up card is a 3, 4, 5 or 6. Many players often refer to this strategy as optimal play. As the name suggests, doubling down after splitting (or DDAS) allows you to double your bets on the two hands created when you split two cards of equal value into two separate hands. Blackjack games that pay 2-1 for a blackjack are very rare. Blackjack is highly dependent on a strategy based on probability, instead of pure luck. Learn the rules and Wizard's Simple Strategy in this introductory video. Why Blackjack Strategy Works. Blackjack Chart Explanation: In the black jack strategy card, the top part, the blue line, represents the dealer’s hand. If these numbers already look a little confusing, it’s a good idea to download a blackjack strategy chart and check out our article on blackjack terms. [21]Blackjack Strategy Calculator. When your cards total 11. Make sure to check out the Blackjack Strategy Guide written by the ‘Wizard of Odds’ Michael Shackleford, which goes into more details as to the best way to play blackjack. Conclusion. Choosing 6-Deck Blackjack Strategy Charts. The beginner blackjack basic strategy guide is a set of rules that tells you the best actions to take based on the cards you have and the dealer’s face-up card. Blackjacks are a group of members' only melee weapons. If you are behind other players with only a few hands left, you may have to bet aggressively and take chances you wouldn’t normally play against a dealer only. 2. This technique was used most notably by the MIT Blackjack Team, throughout the 80s and 90s. Basic blackjack strategy is derived from computer simulations, which have determined the best blackjack play in every possible situation. Hard 9 will double against 3-6. Optimal Strategy for Blackjack. Practice Blackjack Strategy. 1. When using the blackjack strategy guide, it’s important to remember that the finite nature of mathematical science dictates that a particular playing decision, based on the player’s cards and the dealer’s exposed card, will yield a predictable outcome after millions of hands of play. Enter: the free blackjack strategy calculator we’ve built for you! This is pretty easy to use and learn from. The dealer does not make decisions, and all crucial moves and gameplay are solely up to the player. By using this strategy, that lowers the house edge to 0. 24%. The first thing you can do is play blackjack for free without making real money bets. The aim of the game is to beat the dealer by getting as close to 21 as you can, without going over it. To start, you can aim for a hard 17 or higher. Blackjack might be a casino game but unlike most other games you would find in a casino, it involves skill. e. The Parlay betting system works great with blackjack because most hands have an even chance of winning or losing. Edward O. Only players can split, never the dealer. Next reshuffle the deck of cards, place a dealer’s 3 on the table, and deal yourself two cards face up. If the dealer has a 10 or Ace, your best bet is to hit. Conventional wisdom is to split if you have a hand of two 8s. Stand. This is what we’d call a basic blackjack strategy, although, for details of actual blackjack strategies, we have you covered there too! Always stand when you have between 12-16 in your hand and the dealer has a 2-6. Avoid going over a hand value of 21, as a bust means an automatic loss. With the Uston APC card counting system, it is a good idea to divide the running count by the half-decks remaining in play. The amount is shown as a sum of two figures: the built-in loss using the perfect basic strategy plus the additional loss due to incorrect decisions in the simplified strategy. As the game with the best RTP (99%+) of all casino games, it is a favorite among punters looking for a less risky gaming environment. The game starts as with most other variants of blackjack, but changes when. How To Count Cards in Blackjack. There are 52 unique cards. You must have two of the same value cards. Split your pairs of two’s and three’s if dealer has from 2 to 7, otherwise hit. Hit if you’ve got an Ace and a 6 and stand if you’ve got an ace together with a 7 or anything higher than that. 10-10. Surrender if you have 15, 17 or pair of 8s, if dealer up-card is Ace. Break. Starting from their left, the dealer gives one upcard to each player and themselves. You can do it either through online simulations or with. 15%. What makes it unique in comparison to most casino games is that you can apply strategy to each hand. Then, the hands are completed by the dealer in accordance with the optimal blackjack early payout. Remember to also check out our guides to. Increase your bet by 1 unit only after you win. You need to place a bet before the game can begin. Tables usually hold 2-7 players max. When a hand exceeds a count of 21. Optimal Blackjack Strategy The rules of play 1. The Hi-Lo strategy requires the players to assign specific values to the cards. Value cards are counted by their face value, whereas picture cards (or face cards) count as 10. For comparison, here’s our standard blackjack strategy guide: Now, in double deck blackjack, we want to double down on soft totals of 13 to 18 if the dealer is showing something. Download Blackjack Strategy Charts in PDF / PNG formats. Never hit and never double. Free Blackjack Game Rules. Dh – Double if possible, otherwise hit. Play blackjack using the correct basic strategy charts. It’s a fairly easy card game to grasp, and – as long as green baize, casino atmosphere, and money on the line are your idea of a good time, it’s one of the best. Blackjack Strategy Rules. • 2 yr. He edited the monthly Blackjack Insider Newsletter, and was a featured blackjack columnist for Casino Player magazine, Midwest Gaming and Travel magazine, Gaming South magazine, Southern Gaming magazine, New England Gaming. Your stack size is never important because you can add or remove chips between hands. If you take up the offer, you will then put out an additional 50 percent of your original bet amount. This is one of the best blackjack betting options but also exceedingly rare in online blackjack. The basic strategy detailed below is based on blackjack games played with 4 or more decks. The dealer changes your cash into chips and slides them across the felt to you. You should take the true count (example +2) then deduct 1 betting unit (example, $25). Please note that this is a long-term average, not the likely result of session!With a bet size of $10, it is not. Flat bet . Counting cards could give you an edge of up to 2% on the house – but it can only be done in land-based casinos. The cell where these meet will show you what action you need to take. No Bust Blackjack Rules. Dealers didn’t have to hit a soft 17, and players couldn’t resplit pairs. A Little Background on Each of the Four Horsemen Roger Baldwin. Basic Blackjack Strategy Chart in Text. It’s open for 15 seconds. It’s impossible to win at blackjack by card counting alone, and basic strategy gives the statistically best move for players for any hand scenario in 21. Get 50% matched up to $500 when you deposit using the promo code PUMPKIN50. e. Show more. You lose your bet, and your part in the hand is over. Keep to your blackjack strategy and don’t get carried away and bet more if you find yourself on a winning streak. Identifying the what the dealers hole card and adjusting your strategy. It’s your base that you start from. Print the Table – It is generally best to have the blackjack basic strategy chart printed on a piece. Picture cards count as 10 and the ace can count as either 1 or 11. VIDEO 5 of 5: The Key to Successful Blackjack (+ The 3 Biggest Reasons People Fail) A complete blackjack card counting system designed to teach you how to beat the game of blackjack for big profits. You might decide that $25 is your unit, so your betting range is $25 to $100. An essential part of blackjack strategy is understanding whether to hit or stand with soft hands. Always split. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. Blackjack - a card game where you must beat the dealer's hand without scoring over 21. This is just a revised guide on how to play blackjack. Against a dealer ace, surrender hard 5 to 7 (including 3s), and 12 to 17 (including 6s, 7s, and 8s). For example, a single-deck blackjack chart would look a bit different. 2. Hard 12 will stand against 4-6, hit against everything else. Our blackjack strategy guide will help level up your 21 skills. To score blackjack hands, total points are summed up. D Articles Henry Tamburin Ph. Blackjack is a game of strategy, and luck; in this guide, Canadian players can find the rules and strategies to this popular table game. Playing online blackjack for free also helps you to develop your strategy. California No Bust Blackjack is a variant of classic real money blackjack that is very popular throughout California. Some examples include 5-6, 7-4, and 9-2. The basic blackjack strategy has been mathematically proven to bring down the house edge from 2% to 0. Hard 11 will always double down. Real Money Blackjack Online Guide & Tips 1. Before you start playing at a table, it’s important to find out how you will be paid for a blackjack. So, if the player plays six-deck blackjack, this means there are 12 half-decks. The only differences to playing 6 deck blackjack versus single deck, double deck, or 8 deck blackjack is the effect the 6 decks has on the house edge and the basic strategy chart you use to play. RULE #2: WHEN THE DEALER’S UPCARD IS 2-9, ALWAYS DOUBLE DOWN ON AN INITIAL SCORE OF TEN. This strategy works for most types of tables that allow you to surrender. The Definitive Guide to Blackjack. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. Soft 15 or 16 versus dealer’s 3-6, hit. Most blackjack charts are split into four sections, like the one you see below. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. Unless the rules allow you to double down after splitting, always hit, rather than split, a pair of Fours. To signal a split, you. The total value of that hand is 16 and that is considered the worst blackjack hand. Because most land-based casinos and online blackjack games use multiple decks, this guide will focus on the rules and strategy of blackjack with more than one deck. We should also note that the exact moves on this table depend somewhat on the table rules. Learning the outline and following it will allow the player to make the most beneficial decisions, resulting in consistent and positive results. Double Down Double down on the assumption that there are plenty of cards left. But for now, here’s your basic guide of how to play blackjack: Your goal in blackjack is to beat the dealer’s hand without going over 21. He is the author of the Ultimate Blackjack Strategy Guide, and Blackjack: Take The Money and Run. The game commences when the dealer shuffles the cards. The below chart: Blackjack Basic Strategy Chart. 5% and help you increase your expected value (EV). Higher denomination slots have higher payback percentages. Henry Tamburin is one of world’s most respected blackjack experts and a world-class player. A blackjack term that originated in baseball, first base is the seat to the immediate left of the dealer, which is alw ays first to be dealt their cards, and first to act. This applies to both live dealer blackjack and regular. Taking this into account, we’ve drafted the most useful single deck blackjack strategy guide you can find online. ) STRATEGY #8: ALWAYS DOUBLE DOWN A-2 THROUGH A-7 WHEN THE DEALER’S UPCARD IS A 5 OR 6 In all games, you stand to win more if you always double down an A-2 through A-7 (i. 5 per cent, which is why blackjack is widely regarded as the most profitable game to play at casinos. Conversely, if the dealer has 17 points or more, they must stand. All the cards have a face value of 2 - 10, picture cards known as court cards, Jack, Queen and King, all valued at 10. Betting on Lightning Blackjack. Use our Blackjack Training Drills to master blackjack basic strategy and card counting: Our Basic Strategy Drill trains you at basic strategy so you never make a wrong playing decision. For example, if you have hard 11, and the dealer’s up card is a 5, the tables show a D – meaning you. Or you can go to a casino and play. If you are looking for physical strategy cards instead of using our strategy engine, the BlackjackInfo Store has wallet-size basic strategy cards, and an advanced strategy set that includes card counting indexes right on the card. Among the four main strategies of Blackjack, splitting a pair is a game-changing move. 5% house edge with perfect play. It contains the successful blackjack tournament playing strategies used by Wong and his team of players. 5% or lower. Here are the full rules of the game. The offer carries a 30x wagering requirement and expires after 14 days. He is the author of the Ultimate Blackjack. If you follow the basic strategy, you can cut the house edge down to around 1. The basic strategy is a set of guidelines that tell players what to do based on their hand and the dealer’s up-card. “6 to 5 Blackjack” is a shake down game like carnival games. Practice Makes Perfect (Literally) Blackjack is a game of strategy through and through. In other words, the winning percentages for the outcome of each hand with 4. Card counting is a statistical method to get an advantage over the casino while sitting at a blackjack table. But in blackjack, players actually have a fair shot against the house edge, especially for single-deck games. “Less decks” gives you a better chance to win. If the online blackjack tournament plays a set number of hands, the strategy may have to change as play progresses. The dealer proceeds to hit his 16 and catches a 6 for 22. The web page explains the basic terms, rules and strategy of blackjack, and provides 15 charts to help you follow the best play in each situation. It is based on a 3-card hand utilizing the dealership’s 1-up card and the gamer’s 2 preliminary cards to form a 3-card poker hand. He is the author of the Ultimate Blackjack Strategy Guide, and Blackjack: Take The Money and Run. Because of the random way in which cards are dealt in Blackjack, sustained winning and losing streaks are possible and using this strategy is no guarantee of any specific outcome. That is, a running formula could determine the best play at the table every turn. Bovada – Best for Live Dealer Blackjack. Scout the blackjack tables to find the most liberal playing rules. The key at the bottom explains in full. For example, suppose you double down on 10 and catch an ace for a 21. HITTING SOFT 17. Here’s how you do it: Choose the dealer’s card from the dropdown list. Learn how to play blackjack well with perfect blackjack strategy, a set of rules that minimizes the casino's advantage. But, there are other strategies, such as card counting, that you can play at the same time to cut this edge down to 0. If you get a natural blackjack, a 21 on the first two cards dealt to you, a table may pay you 3:2, which is $3 for every $2 wagered. After you receive your chips, leave them on the table in front of you. From the bustling casinos of Las Vegas to the historic establishments in Monaco, understanding the silent language of Blackjack ensures players command. About the Author See all Henry Tamburin Ph. Updated on Aug. Deal to self how you would play. The regular game uses 1-8 standard playing decks with 52 cards, each. Card suits have no meaning in blackjack. For a hard 9 through 11, when the dealer has an up card of 2 through 6, you’ll want to double down. Blackjack is a popular casino card game with a rich history that incorporates a little bit of luck mixed with a lot of skill and strategy. Conclusion. Here are two ways to win at blackjack without counting cards: Method 1: Hole Carding. Sticking to the plan will always pay off. The player should always assume that the card they can’t see is a 10 and statistically, the odds are high that it is. But the basics are still the same. 1. The reason for counting cards in blackjack is based on the fact that a deck of cards with more high cards (tens and aces). Blackjack, a game of grace and strategy, has captivated the hearts of many for generations. The term soft means you cannot bust if you hit. This wager paid out based on your first two cards and the value of the dealer’s up card.